Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) is a water-soluble antioxidant with various biological functions. It is essential for the
synthesis of collagen and glycosaminoglycans, which are the building materials of all connective tissues, such
as skin, blood vessels, tendons, joint cartilage, and bone. Vitamin C supports the body's defense system by enhancing white blood cell function and activity, and increasing interferon levels, antibody responses, and
secretion of thymic hormones. The antioxidative action of vitamin C has been shown to support respiratory, eye,
and capillary health. In addition, vitamin C is required for biosynthesis of carnitine, serotonin, and certain
neurotransmitters, including norepinephrine.‡
Bioflavonoids are polyphenol compounds derived from plant extracts that provide beneficial health effects due
to their antioxidative properties. Flavonoids support the maintenance of vasculature activity and normal blood
flow. In a clinical study, citrus bioflavonoids were shown to support vascular function by potentially influencing
nitric oxide. Quercetin has been shown to be one of the most bioactive flavonoids. Quercetin promotes capillary
integrity. Both quercetin and rutin promote the protection of red blood cells and play roles in quenching free
radicals. This formula contains Pycnogenol® French maritime pine bark extract, a unique combination of
procyanidins, bioflavonoids, and phenolic acids